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Why does steel in concrete corrode?

One way to understand why steel corrodes is to look at how it is made. Steel starts out as iron...

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Why are Carbon Fiber Lining Systems Used Extensively on Pre-stressed Concrete Cylinder Pipe (PCCP)?

Carbon fiber systems can be utilized to provide structural repair and upgrade for nearly any type of type of pipe...

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Where do most leaks occur in concrete?

The usual suspects for leaks in concrete are at the joints, the structural connections, or the shrinkage cracks. Here are...

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What’s the best way to address inadequate thrust restraints on a pipeline?

When longitudinal forces aren’t properly resisted by thrust blocks, pipeline sections can be pulled apart by thrust forces which cause...

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What’s Happening in this Photo? Freeze-Thaw

With civil and structural infrastructure, particularly reinforced concrete structures, a proper condition assessment is the best way to identify the...

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What’s Happening in this Photo? Concrete Material Alteration via Chemical Attack

This photo shows a reinforced concrete sulfur pit wall within an oil refinery that is experiencing concrete material alteration. With...

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What types of evaluation techniques are available?

Once concerns are raised, the implementation of a proactive evaluation program should be initiated that treats the anchor bolts as...

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What types of failure do anchor bolts experience?

Much of the working development length of the anchorage is hidden from view due to embedment into building construction materials,...

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What steps are needed to prepare existing concrete for using FRP? What about cases where the rebar has corroded due to water infiltration and some of the surface concrete has popped off?

All existing cracked and spalled concrete must be removed and the substrate repaired using appropriate concrete repair materials. Then, the...

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What lines of defense can be deployed for protecting underground waterproofing systems against water?

Outside of selecting and installing a reputable product, three interdependent lines of defense against water should be implemented:

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